Males and females live separately, and ewes, or females, tend to get the better foraging grounds. Males will crash horns until one overpowers the other, since they cannot mate until they establish strong social standings.

As herbivores, they graze on short grass and shrubs. Mouflon sheep also have a chambered stomach that helps break down cellulose. Once they have eaten, sheep will lie down and regurgitate their food, chewing it up a second time to soften it and swallow it again.

Females do not mate until they're about two to three years old, while males take up to twice as long to reach maturity within the herd. The gestation period lasts about 210 days, and a single or twin birth is common. Lambs can walk within minutes of birth.

Habitat loss, hunting and interbreeding have caused the population to decline and have influenced many countries to establish hunting and trapping restrictions.

Originally from the Mediterranean islands of Corsica, Sardinia and Cyprus, Mouflon sheep have since been introduced into much of Europe and northern Iraq and Iran. They also reside in parts of the United States for game hunting purposes.